IPC to BNS
IPC Section 354C in BNS: Section 77
Section 354C of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (Voyeurism) corresponds to Section 77 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023.
Last updated 9 October 2026
IPC 354C and BNS 77 at a glance
| IPC (old) | BNS (new) | |
|---|---|---|
| Section | 354C | 77 |
| Heading | Voyeurism | Voyeurism |
| Punishment | First conviction: imprisonment of not less than 1 year and up to 3 years, and fine. Second or subsequent conviction: not less than 3 years and up to 7 years, and fine. | First conviction: imprisonment of not less than 1 year and up to 3 years, and fine. Second or subsequent conviction: not less than 3 years and up to 7 years, and fine. |
| Mapping | Direct equivalent | |
What IPC Section 354C covered
Punishes watching or capturing the image of a woman engaging in a private act, in circumstances where she would usually expect not to be observed, and disseminating such an image.
What changed in BNS Section 77
The punishment is unchanged. The IPC provision applied to "any man"; BNS Section 77 begins "whoever", so the offender need not be a man.
Punishment: IPC 354C compared with BNS 77
The punishment is the same under both codes. First conviction: imprisonment of not less than 1 year and up to 3 years, and fine. Second or subsequent conviction: not less than 3 years and up to 7 years, and fine.
Which law applies: IPC or BNS?
The BNS applies to offences committed on or after 1 July 2024. An offence committed before that date continues to be investigated, tried and punished under the IPC, because the repeal and savings clause in Section 358 of the BNS preserves liabilities and proceedings under the repealed Code.
Read the full text of both provisions before you cite them. The official bare acts are published on India Code.
IPC 354C: common questions
What is the new section for IPC 354C?
IPC Section 354C (Voyeurism) corresponds to Section 77 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (BNS).
What is the punishment under BNS Section 77?
First conviction: imprisonment of not less than 1 year and up to 3 years, and fine. Second or subsequent conviction: not less than 3 years and up to 7 years, and fine.
Does IPC Section 354C still apply to older cases?
The BNS applies to offences committed on or after 1 July 2024. An offence committed before that date continues to be investigated, tried and punished under the IPC, because the repeal and savings clause in Section 358 of the BNS preserves liabilities and proceedings under the repealed Code.
Related IPC sections
- IPC 354B to BNS 76 · Disrobing
- IPC 354D to BNS 78 · Stalking
- IPC 354A to BNS 75 · Sexual harassment
- IPC 366 to BNS 87 · Abduction for marriage
- IPC 354 to BNS 74 · Outraging modesty
- IPC 498A to BNS 85 · Cruelty by husband
- IPC 509 to BNS 79 · Insulting modesty
- IPC 494 to BNS 82(1) · Bigamy
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Not legal advice. This comparison is a research starting point. A mapped section is not proof that two provisions are identical. Read both bare acts, check commencement and any later amendment, and have a qualified advocate review anything you intend to rely on. Settl is not a law firm.