IPC to BNS
IPC Section 425 in BNS: Section 324(1)
Section 425 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (Mischief) corresponds to Section 324(1) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023.
Last updated 9 October 2026
IPC 425 and BNS 324(1) at a glance
| IPC (old) | BNS (new) | |
|---|---|---|
| Section | 425 | 324(1) |
| Heading | Mischief | Mischief |
| Punishment | Definition only. Punishment under IPC Section 426: imprisonment up to 3 months, or fine, or both. | Definition only. Punishment under BNS Section 324(2): imprisonment up to 6 months, or fine, or both. |
| Mapping | Direct equivalent | |
What IPC Section 425 covered
Defines mischief: causing the destruction of any property, or any change in it or its situation that destroys or diminishes its value or utility, with intent to cause, or knowing it likely to cause, wrongful loss or damage.
What changed in BNS Section 324(1)
IPC Sections 425 to 427 and 440 are gathered into BNS Section 324. The definition is the same; the maximum term for simple mischief rises from three months to six.
Punishment: IPC 425 compared with BNS 324(1)
- Under IPC Section 425
- Definition only. Punishment under IPC Section 426: imprisonment up to 3 months, or fine, or both.
- Under BNS Section 324(1)
- Definition only. Punishment under BNS Section 324(2): imprisonment up to 6 months, or fine, or both.
Which law applies: IPC or BNS?
The BNS applies to offences committed on or after 1 July 2024. An offence committed before that date continues to be investigated, tried and punished under the IPC, because the repeal and savings clause in Section 358 of the BNS preserves liabilities and proceedings under the repealed Code.
Read the full text of both provisions before you cite them. The official bare acts are published on India Code.
IPC 425: common questions
What is the new section for IPC 425?
IPC Section 425 (Mischief) corresponds to Section 324(1) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (BNS).
What is the punishment under BNS Section 324(1)?
Definition only. Punishment under BNS Section 324(2): imprisonment up to 6 months, or fine, or both.
Does IPC Section 425 still apply to older cases?
The BNS applies to offences committed on or after 1 July 2024. An offence committed before that date continues to be investigated, tried and punished under the IPC, because the repeal and savings clause in Section 358 of the BNS preserves liabilities and proceedings under the repealed Code.
Related IPC sections
- IPC 420 to BNS 318(4) · Cheating
- IPC 427 to BNS 324(4) · Mischief causing damage
- IPC 419 to BNS 319(2) · Cheating by personation
- IPC 441 to BNS 329(1) · Criminal trespass
- IPC 417 to BNS 318(2) · Cheating (simple)
- IPC 447 to BNS 329(3) · Criminal trespass
- IPC 415 to BNS 318(1) · Cheating (definition)
- IPC 448 to BNS 329(4) · House-trespass
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Not legal advice. This comparison is a research starting point. A mapped section is not proof that two provisions are identical. Read both bare acts, check commencement and any later amendment, and have a qualified advocate review anything you intend to rely on. Settl is not a law firm.