IPC to BNS
IPC Section 448 in BNS: Section 329(4)
Section 448 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (Punishment for house-trespass) corresponds to Section 329(4) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023.
Last updated 9 October 2026
IPC 448 and BNS 329(4) at a glance
| IPC (old) | BNS (new) | |
|---|---|---|
| Section | 448 | 329(4) |
| Heading | Punishment for house-trespass | Punishment for house-trespass |
| Punishment | Imprisonment up to 1 year, or fine up to ₹1,000, or both. | Imprisonment up to 1 year, or fine up to ₹5,000, or both. |
| Mapping | Direct equivalent | |
What IPC Section 448 covered
Punishes house-trespass, which is criminal trespass committed by entering or remaining in a building, tent or vessel used as a human dwelling, as a place of worship or for the custody of property.
What changed in BNS Section 329(4)
The term is unchanged; the maximum fine rises from ₹1,000 to ₹5,000.
Punishment: IPC 448 compared with BNS 329(4)
- Under IPC Section 448
- Imprisonment up to 1 year, or fine up to ₹1,000, or both.
- Under BNS Section 329(4)
- Imprisonment up to 1 year, or fine up to ₹5,000, or both.
Which law applies: IPC or BNS?
The BNS applies to offences committed on or after 1 July 2024. An offence committed before that date continues to be investigated, tried and punished under the IPC, because the repeal and savings clause in Section 358 of the BNS preserves liabilities and proceedings under the repealed Code.
Read the full text of both provisions before you cite them. The official bare acts are published on India Code.
IPC 448: common questions
What is the new section for IPC 448?
IPC Section 448 (Punishment for house-trespass) corresponds to Section 329(4) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (BNS).
What is the punishment under BNS Section 329(4)?
Imprisonment up to 1 year, or fine up to ₹5,000, or both.
Does IPC Section 448 still apply to older cases?
The BNS applies to offences committed on or after 1 July 2024. An offence committed before that date continues to be investigated, tried and punished under the IPC, because the repeal and savings clause in Section 358 of the BNS preserves liabilities and proceedings under the repealed Code.
Related IPC sections
- IPC 447 to BNS 329(3) · Criminal trespass
- IPC 452 to BNS 333 · House-trespass to hurt
- IPC 441 to BNS 329(1) · Criminal trespass
- IPC 427 to BNS 324(4) · Mischief causing damage
- IPC 425 to BNS 324(1) · Mischief
- IPC 420 to BNS 318(4) · Cheating
- IPC 419 to BNS 319(2) · Cheating by personation
- IPC 417 to BNS 318(2) · Cheating (simple)
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Not legal advice. This comparison is a research starting point. A mapped section is not proof that two provisions are identical. Read both bare acts, check commencement and any later amendment, and have a qualified advocate review anything you intend to rely on. Settl is not a law firm.