IPC to BNS
IPC Section 441 in BNS: Section 329(1)
Section 441 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (Criminal trespass) corresponds to Section 329(1) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023.
Last updated 9 October 2026
IPC 441 and BNS 329(1) at a glance
| IPC (old) | BNS (new) | |
|---|---|---|
| Section | 441 | 329(1) |
| Heading | Criminal trespass | Criminal trespass |
| Punishment | Definition only. Punishment is in IPC Section 447. | Definition only. Punishment is in BNS Section 329(3). |
| Mapping | Direct equivalent | |
What IPC Section 441 covered
Defines criminal trespass: entering property in the possession of another with intent to commit an offence or to intimidate, insult or annoy the person in possession, or unlawfully remaining there with that intent.
What changed in BNS Section 329(1)
IPC Sections 441, 442, 447 and 448 are merged into BNS Section 329. The definition is the same.
Punishment: IPC 441 compared with BNS 329(1)
- Under IPC Section 441
- Definition only. Punishment is in IPC Section 447.
- Under BNS Section 329(1)
- Definition only. Punishment is in BNS Section 329(3).
Which law applies: IPC or BNS?
The BNS applies to offences committed on or after 1 July 2024. An offence committed before that date continues to be investigated, tried and punished under the IPC, because the repeal and savings clause in Section 358 of the BNS preserves liabilities and proceedings under the repealed Code.
Read the full text of both provisions before you cite them. The official bare acts are published on India Code.
IPC 441: common questions
What is the new section for IPC 441?
IPC Section 441 (Criminal trespass) corresponds to Section 329(1) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (BNS).
What is the punishment under BNS Section 329(1)?
Definition only. Punishment is in BNS Section 329(3).
Does IPC Section 441 still apply to older cases?
The BNS applies to offences committed on or after 1 July 2024. An offence committed before that date continues to be investigated, tried and punished under the IPC, because the repeal and savings clause in Section 358 of the BNS preserves liabilities and proceedings under the repealed Code.
Related IPC sections
- IPC 427 to BNS 324(4) · Mischief causing damage
- IPC 447 to BNS 329(3) · Criminal trespass
- IPC 425 to BNS 324(1) · Mischief
- IPC 448 to BNS 329(4) · House-trespass
- IPC 420 to BNS 318(4) · Cheating
- IPC 452 to BNS 333 · House-trespass to hurt
- IPC 419 to BNS 319(2) · Cheating by personation
- IPC 417 to BNS 318(2) · Cheating (simple)
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Not legal advice. This comparison is a research starting point. A mapped section is not proof that two provisions are identical. Read both bare acts, check commencement and any later amendment, and have a qualified advocate review anything you intend to rely on. Settl is not a law firm.